钢质管道表面火焰熔覆玻璃涂层

研究了在钢质管道表面采用氧气－石油天然气火焰熔覆玻璃涂层的工艺。试验表明，选择合适的预热温度，送粉量，保护及密着剂可以获得均匀，无裂纹，密着性良好的耐蚀喷瓷管道。．     

碳势测量热丝传感器性能分析及改进

通过全方位分析认为:热丝传感器性能取决于热丝材料和规格,同时受到传感器结构和测量数学模型的影响。选用新热丝材料和规格,对传感器结构作合理改进,采用补偿引线,完善数学模型,研制出新型传感器。实际生产应用表明,测量准确性和精度有所提高,在一定程度上克服了寿命短、灵敏度低、重现性差等缺点。     

A framework for the development of videogames

A framework is a high‐level solution for the reuse of software pieces, a step forward in simple library‐based reuse, that allows the sharing of not only common functions but also the generic logic of a domain application. It also ensures a better level of quality for the final product, given the fact that an important fraction of the application is already found within the framework and has therefore already been tested. This case study takes the systematic generation of hot‐spot subsystems approach as a reference point to describe the underlying concepts in the design of a framework for the development of 2D action videogames for low‐performance machines. The main goal of this paper is to show the applicability of framework‐based reuse to videogames. Both standard and framework‐based game implementations are compared and the results are analysed. Special attention is paid to the (potential) benefits that the use of frameworks brings to the fulfillment of maintenance tasks along the game's life cycle, a stage that normally consumes most resources in software projects. At the end of the paper, based on the implementation results, this study shows the predicted conditions under which building a framework is cost effective for the development of videogames similar to the ones from the studied domain. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

加湿热空气对流冷凝换热冷凝液量的实验研究

以冷凝式燃气锅炉的冷凝受热面为原型,采用加湿热空气模拟燃气锅炉的尾部烟气,通过单列光管间壁式换热器进行冷凝换热,在较宽广的加湿热空气温度(100～200℃)和水蒸气体积分数(4%～16%)范围内研究了冷凝液量的生成规律.实验结果表明:水蒸气分压力、冷却水流量和加湿热空气流量是影响水蒸气冷凝液量的主要因素,水蒸气的凝结率为40%～75%.由实验数据进行多元线性回归分析,提出了一个新的计算冷凝液量的经验关系式.     

Development of cold‐hot water dispenser with thermoelectric module systems

In the present study, the results of a cold‐hot water dispenser with a thermoelectric module system (TMS) are presented. The cold‐hot water dispenser with thermoelectric module system consists of a cold water loop, a hot water loop, a coolant loop, and a thermoelectric module. The thermoelectric cooling and heating modules consist of four and two water blocks, nine and three thermoelectric plates, respectively. The cooling and heating capacities obtained from the cold‐hot water dispenser with TMS are compared with those from a conventional cold‐hot water dispenser with a compression refrigeration system (CRS). As compared with the conventional cold‐hot water dispenser with CRS, the cold‐hot water dispenser with TMS can be operated at the minimum cold water temperature of 10 to 13°C and the maximum hot water temperature of 65°C. The obtained results are expected provide guidelines to design cold‐hot water dispensers with TMS.     

Separation of hot electrons and holes in Au/LaFeO3 to boost the photocatalytic activities both for water reduction and oxidation

Construction of plasmon-based nanostructures is an effective way to enhance the photocatalytic activities of semiconductor photocatalysts for water-splitting. However, the synergistic effect of plasmon-related hot electrons and holes for water splitting in the plasmon-hybrid photocatalyst is rarely considered. Herein, we construct a plasmon-based Au/LaFeO₃ composite photocatalyst to investigate the complex roles of hot electrons and holes for solar water splitting. Benefiting from the formation of Schottky junction and surface plasmon resonance effect of the Au nanoparticles, the synthesized photocatalyst exhibits an excellent photocatalytic activity for each half-reaction of water splitting, and the rates for H₂ and O₂ generation are obtained as high as 202 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ and 23 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, an in-depth investigation reveals that the improved hydrogen evolution is caused by the hot electron injection from Au to LaFeO₃, and the hot holes in Au induced by the separation of hot charges can initiate the water oxidation directly on the surface of gold. Thus, this work provides a new insight into the synergistic effect of plasmon-related hot electrons and holes for boosting the photocatalytic reactions.     

Effect of obstacles with different opening means on thermal stratification in hot water storage tanks

为研究具有内置隔板的太阳能蓄热水箱隔板开孔尺寸及位置对其内部热分层效果的影响,对9种隔板开孔位置的太阳能蓄热水箱内温度场进行了数值分析,结果显示：在相同的流动参数及开孔面积条件下,隔板中心开1个圆孔的水箱热分层效果最好。对于多开孔的水箱,开孔位置对水箱内热分层影响不大,但对蓄热量影响显著。对于隔板中心开1个圆孔的水箱,在不同流动参数条件下,冷、热水出口温差随着冷水入口流速的增大呈先增后减的趋势,当冷水入口流速大于0.9 m/s时,减弱了热分层的稳定性。     

基于边界效应理论确定热轧碳素钢的韧度与强度

该文研究确定热轧碳素钢的材料韧度与强度特性,提出一种确定热轧碳素钢材料的断裂韧度与屈服强度的模型及方法。建立了等效裂缝长度、名义应力等具体设计参数的计算表达式。通过相同尺寸而不同初始缝高比的单边拉伸Q235B热轧碳素钢板的系列试验,证明所提模型及方法的合理性与适用性。所提模型及方法只需由小尺寸单边裂缝钢板的拉伸试验测得的屈服荷载,即可同时确定出热轧碳素钢平面应力条件下的断裂韧度K_C及屈服强度σ_Y。采用该文所提方法确定热轧碳素钢的材料特性,试验试样不需要满足现行国内外规范对试验试样尺寸、型式,加载条件等的严格规定,试样不需要预制疲劳裂纹。     

基于滚动变时间窗的重组批处理机调度研究

针对具有等待时间限制和工件动态到达的重组批处理机调度问题,以拖延时间和最小为目标,提出基于滚动变时间窗的三层混合调度算法。该调度算法是应用滚动时域策略,将重组批处理机调度问题分解为许多变时间窗的子问题;每个子问题调度分三层执行：即产生触发并传递参数、重组批及排序、派工并更新参数。通过实时调度仿真平台和CPLEX平台进行实例验证,结果表明基于滚动变时间窗的三层混合调度算法能够在较短计算时间内获得满意优化解。     

改进回声状态网络的热点话题预测模型

为了提高网络热点话题的预测精度,针对传统回声状态网络存在的不足,提出一种改进回声状态网络的网络热点话题预测模型。首先将一维的网络热点话题时间序列重构成多维时间序列,然后采用改进回声状态网络对多维时间序列进行学习,建立网络热点话题预测模型,最后对模型性能进行仿真测试。结果表明,改进回声状态网络可对网络热点话题的变化趋势进行准确刻画,网络热点话题的预测精度得以提高,而具有更好的应用价值。